Corona virus ikomeje kwibasira Isi
Icyorezo cya Coronavirus cyagaragaye bwa mbere mu gihugu cy’Ubushinwa mu mujyi wa Wuhan, ikaba rero yaratewe n’agakoko kari gasanzwe kazwi n’abahanga muri siyansi. Nyuma yo kugaragara mu gihugu cy’Ubushinwa, iyi ndwara ikomeye ifata mu bihaha, kandi imaze no kuboneka mu bindi bihugu.
Corona virus imaze guhitana abantu kandi birasa nkaho itazahagarara vuba.
Indwara nshya ibonetse igatera umusonga buri gihe itera impungenge abashinzwe ubuzima kandi ishami rya ONU ryita ku buzima, OMS ryatangaje ko ari ikibazo isi yose igomba guhagurikira.
None se iki cyorezo gishobora gukumirwa cyangwa se ni kibi cyane kurusha uko bimeze ubungubu?
Aka gakoko ni bwoko ki?
Abayobozi n’inzobere mu Bushinwa bavuga ko ari agakoko ko mu bwoko bwa Corona.
Ubundi hasanzwe hariho ubwoko butandatu bw’agakoko ka Corona bwanduza abantu; aka rero ni aka karindwi.
Indwara ikaze ifata mu myanya y’ubuhumekero yitwa SARS na yo iterwa n’agakoko ka Corona yahitanye abantu 774 kuri 8,098 bari bayanduye igihe icyorezo cyayo cyatangiraga mu Bushinwa muri 2002.
Ibimenyetso byayo bifite ubuhe bukare?
Iyi ndwara urebye itangira umuntu agira umuriro mwinshi ukurikirwa n’inkorora y’akayi hanyuma nyuma y’igihe cy’icyumweru, igatuma umuntu abura umwuka kandi bamwe mu barwayi bikaba ngombwa ko bajyanwa mu bitaro.
Imibare y’ishami rya ONU ryita ku buzima ku barwayi 17,000 yerekana ko 82% iyo ndwara iba idakaze, 15% ikabakarira na ho 3% igatuma baba indembe.
Ikigaragara ni uko iyi indwara ari gakeya ituma umuntu agira ibicurane by’amazi cyangwa se akitsamura.
Udukoko twa Corona muri rusange dushobora gutera indwara ifite ibimenyetso biva kuri grippe yoroshye bikagera ku bibazo bikomeye byo mu bihaha kandi ikaba yahitana uyirwaye byihuse.
Ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwica bungana iki?
Nubwo bwose imibare yabo ihitana ugereranyije n’abayandura uri hasi, iyo mibare ntawayizera.
Biroroshye cyane gufata umubare wabo ihitana ukawugabanya n’abayanduye kugira ngo ugere ku mubare wa 2% urebye aho iki cyorezo kigeze ubungubu.
Abayanduye babarirwa mu bihumbi ubu baracyavurwa kandi ntabwo bizwi niba bamwe muri abo izabahitana – rero umubare w’abahitanwa nayo ushobora kuba munini. Kandi nta nuwamenya umubare w’abafite iyi ndwara ku buryo bworoheje – rero na none imibare y’abo ihitana ishobora kujya hasi.
Nabigenza gute ngo ngabanye ibyago byo kuyandura?
Ishami rya ONU ryita ku buzima OMS ritanga inama zikurikira, zinajyanye n’izindi ndwara zifata mu myanya y’ubuhumekero:
- Karaba intoki n’amazi meza n’isabune cyangwa se utundi dukoresho turimo alchool twabigenewe.
- Pfuka amazuru n’umunwa ukoresheje agatambaro cyangwa ukingeho ukuboko mu gihe cyose ukoroye cyangwa se witsamuye.
- Irinde gukora ku muntu uwo ari we wese ugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibicurane.
- teka kandi uhishe neza inyama n’amagi.
- Irinde gukora ku nyamaswa zo mu ishyamba utikingiye. (Utambaye imyambaro yabigenewe)
Ese koko Coronavirus yaturutse he?
Mu by’ukuri aka gakoko ntabwo ari gashya – ni gashya gusa ku bantu kubera ko kavuye ku bwoko bumwe kakajya mu bundi.
Prof Jonathan Ball umuhanga mu ndwara ziterwa na virus avuga ko udukoko dushya twa Corona ubundi indiri yatwo ari inyamaswa.
Abantu ba mbere babonetseho indwara iterwa n’agakoko ka Corona bari bafite aho bahuriye n’isoko ricururizwamo ibiribwa bikomoka mu nyanja mu mujyi wa Wuhan.
Icyorezo cya SARS cyo cyatangiriye mu ducurama mbere yo kwibasira abantu.
Ni iyihe nyamaswa ibamo aka gakoko?
Usibye ibinyabuzima bifite amabere byo mu nyanja bishobora kugira agakoko ka Corona, iryo soko ryo muri Wuhan ryari ririmo kandi inyamaswa nzima nk’inkoko, inkwavu, n’inzoka zishobora kuba ari nazo iyo ndwara yaturutsemo.
Ariko rero Kaminuza y’ubuhinzi iri mu majyepfo y’ubushinwa ivuga ko ako gakoko gashobora kuba karavuye mu ducurama, kakikinjira mu nyamaswa za pangolins mbere yo kwadukira abantu.
Ese kuki Coronavirus yagaragaye bwa mbere mu Bushinwa?
Hari impamvu ebyiri : Hari abantu bakoze ku nyamaswa zifite utwo dukoko kandi n’ahantu abantu batuye begeranye cyane bituma gakwirakwira cyane.
Ni gute iyi ndwara ikwirakwira mu bantu?
Ikwirakwira ahanini iyo abantu bayanduye bakoroye maze uduce tw’ibikororwa tukajya mu mwuka uri guhumekwa n’abantu bari hafi aho. Rugikubita abayobozi b’Ubushinwa bari bavuze ko abantu bafite ako gakoko badashobora kwanduza abandi, ariko nyamara si byo kuko ubungubu buri muntu wanduye ashobora kwanduza abandi babiri cyangwa batatu nk’uko byagaragaye.
Muri yandi magambo iki ntabwo ari icyorezo kizazimira ubwacyo maze kigende burundu.
Kubera iki abantu banduzanya?
Akenshi iyo abantu barimo gukorora ni bwo banduzanya ariko abashakashatsi bo mu Bushinwa bavuga ko hari abantu bamwe bashobora kwanduza abandi mbere yuko batangira kugaragaza ibimenyetso.
Indwara ishobora gutangira kugaragara nyuma y’ibyumweru bibiri umuntu yanduye ako gakoko(Mu minsi 14).
Indwara ya SARS cyangwa se Ebola zo zitangira kwandura iyo umuntu uzifite atangiye kugaragaza ibimenyetso.
Gukumira indwara nk’izo byo biroroshye: icyo ukora ni ugushyira mu kato abagaragaje ibimenyetso byayo hanyuma ugakurikiranira hafi abantu bose bahuye na bo.
Indwara nka Coronavirus zishobora kwanduzwa n’abantu batari bagaragaza ibimenyetso zo birakomeye kuzikumira.
Hari abantu bashya babarirwa mu bihumbi basanganwa aka gakoko buri munsi. Ariko ababikurikiranira hafi bavuga ko ikibazo gishobora kuba ari ingorabahizi kurusha uko bikekwa ngo kuko imibare itangwa ku mugaragaro ishobora kuba iri hasi ho inshuro 10 ugereranyije n’imibare mishya.
Hari amatsinda y’abahanga avuga ko umubare w’abandura agakoko gashya ka Corona wikuba kabiri buri minsi itanu kugeza kuri irindwi.
Kubera iki Coronavirus ifatwa nk’icyorezo isi ingomba guhagurikira?
Ishami rya ONU ryita ku buzima (OMS ) riravuga ko aka gakoko ari ikibazo cy’ubuzima kigomba guhagurukirwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga nkuko byagenze kuri grippe ituruka mu ngurube na Ebola.
OMS ivuga ko ibyo yabikoze kugirango ifashe kurushaho ibihugu bifite inzego z’ubuvuzi zidakomeye cyane bishobora kugora kubona no gushyira mu kato abanduye iyi ndwara iterwa n’agakoko ka Corona.
Aka gakoko kaba kagenda gahindura isura?
Aka gakoko kugeza magingo aya birasa nkaho kadahindura isura. Ariko rero muri rusange udukoko dutera indwara dushobora guhindura isura, abahanga rero bakomeje gucungira ibintu hafi.
Ese koko iki cyorezo gishobora gukumirwa?
Ishami rya ONU ryita ku buzima rivuga ko iki cyorezo gishobora gukumirwa ariko ibi ntabwo bihurizwaho na bose.
Impuguke zirimo uwahoze ari umukuru w’urwego rugenzura indwara muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika bavuga ko aka gakoko gashobora kuvamo icyorezo gikomeye ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Uburyo bwonyine gashobora gukumirwa ni ukubuza abantu bakanduye kugakwirakwiza mu bandi.
Ibi rero bishatse gusobanura ko hagomba kuba:
- Kugabanya ingendo z’abantu
- Gukangurira abantu gukaraba intoki no gukoresha ubundi buryo bwo kwirinda
- Kuvurira mu kato abayanduye mu gihe ababavura bagomba kuba bambaye imyambaro ibarinda
Hagomba kandi no gushakishwa abantu bose bashobora kuba baregereye bya hafi cyane abanduye mu kureba niba bataranduye.
Ese haba hari umuti wayo cyangwa se urukingo?
Oya.
Ariko rero hari akazi karimo gukorwa mu kubigeraho hakaba hari ikizere ko hashobora kuzatangira gukorwa igerageza ku bantu mbere yuko umwaka urangira.
Ibitaro kandi birimo kugeragereza ku barwayi imiti isanzwe ikoreshwa mu guhangana n’udukoko kugirango barebe niba hari icyo byatanga.
Uruvange rw’imiti ibiri ya – lopinavir na ritonavir – yatanze umusaruro mwiza mu kurwanya icyorezo cya Sars irimo kugeragezwa mu Bushinwa muri iki cyorezo.
Ariko rero kuvura ubungubu biribanda gusa ku bintu by’ibanze – gutuma umubiri w’umurwayi ukomeza gukora, harimo gufasha umurwayi guhumeka kugeza igihe ubudahangarwa bwe buzahashya ako gakoko.
Ese magingo aya Ubushinwa bwakoze iki?
Ubushinwa bakoze ikintu cyari kitarakorwa ahandi ku isi – gushyira imijyi uko yakabaye mu kato.
Intara ya Hubei iri hagati mu gihugu, irimo n’umujyi wa Wuhan, iri mu kato aho abantu bagera hafi kuri miliyoni 60 bagirwaho ingaruka n’icyo cyemezo.
Leta y’Ubushinwa kandi yahagaritse gukoresha ibirori bihuza abantu benshi birimo n’amakwe mu gihe imijyi nka Hangzhou na Nanchang irimo kugabanya umubare w’abantu b’umuryango umwe bemereye gusohoka mu rugo buri munsi. Intara ya Hubei yanajimije amatara ku magorofa abantu babamo muri gahunda yo kubaca intege ngo ntibasohoke.
Ngayo nguko rero, ibya Coronavirus ikomeje guhangayikisha amahanga yose.
Src: BBC
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